According to studies of healthy individuals 18 to 40 years of age, the mean oral temperature is 36.8°± 0.4°C (98.2°± 0.7°F), with low levels at 6 A.M. and […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with edema
Accumulation of excessive fluid in the interstitial space- Edema Edema result from lymphatic stasis- Lymphoedema Edema may be localized or generalized, If the edema is generalized – Anasarca […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with oliguria
Oliguria is defined as a decrease in urine production below the minimal acceptable rate of 1 to 2 ml/kg/hr. Oliguria can occur as a normal physiologic response or […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with lymphadenopathy
The body has approximately 600 lymph nodes, but only those in the submandibular, axillary or inguinal regions may normally be palpable in healthy people. Lymphadenopathy refers to nodes […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with hematuria
Hematuria means blood in urine. It may be Gross or microscopic hematuria. Gross hematuria is seen by naked eyes while microscopic hematuria needs a microscope. Hematuria is defined […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with GI bleeding
Hematemesis Vomiting of fresh blood or “Coffee-grounds” (blood altered by gastric acid). Hematochezia Passage of stools containing red blood rather than tarry stools. Melena Refers to black tarry […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with abdominal lump
Epigastric region Structures-liver and subphrenic abscess, stomach, duodenum, transverse colon, omentum, pancreas, abdominal aorta, LN. Congenital Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Gastric torsion Pseudo pancreatic cyst, pancreatic abscess Hepatomegaly Gastroparesis […]
Approach to patient / For medical students
Approach to a child with limping
GAIT The pattern of how a person walks A dynamic & repetitive performance Occurs with a definite rhythmic sequence of events that takes during a gait cycle Normal […]
Approach to patient / For medical students
Approach to a patient with diarrhea
Diarrhea- Excessive loss of fluid & electrolyte in the stool. Passage of 3 or more loose or watery stool in a 24 hour period. Loose stool- That would […]
Approach to patient / For medical students
Approach to a patient with bleeding disorder
Bleeding/bruising in children: Accidental Non-accidental injury/Abuse Bleeding diathesis Common Causes of bleeding in a well child ITP Henoch-Schonlein purpura Hemophilia A or B von Willebrand disease Vitamin […]