Oliguria is defined as a decrease in urine production below the minimal acceptable rate of 1 to 2 ml/kg/hr. Oliguria can occur as a normal physiologic response or […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with lymphadenopathy
The body has approximately 600 lymph nodes, but only those in the submandibular, axillary or inguinal regions may normally be palpable in healthy people. Lymphadenopathy refers to nodes […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with hematuria
Hematuria means blood in urine. It may be Gross or microscopic hematuria. Gross hematuria is seen by naked eyes while microscopic hematuria needs a microscope. Hematuria is defined […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with GI bleeding
Hematemesis Vomiting of fresh blood or “Coffee-grounds” (blood altered by gastric acid). Hematochezia Passage of stools containing red blood rather than tarry stools. Melena Refers to black tarry […]
For medical students
Approach to a patient with abdominal lump
Epigastric region Structures-liver and subphrenic abscess, stomach, duodenum, transverse colon, omentum, pancreas, abdominal aorta, LN. Congenital Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Gastric torsion Pseudo pancreatic cyst, pancreatic abscess Hepatomegaly Gastroparesis […]
Approach to patient / For medical students
Approach to a child with limping
GAIT The pattern of how a person walks A dynamic & repetitive performance Occurs with a definite rhythmic sequence of events that takes during a gait cycle Normal […]
Approach to patient / For medical students
Approach to a patient with diarrhea
Diarrhea- Excessive loss of fluid & electrolyte in the stool. Passage of 3 or more loose or watery stool in a 24 hour period. Loose stool- That would […]
Approach to patient / For medical students
Approach to a patient with bleeding disorder
Bleeding/bruising in children: Accidental Non-accidental injury/Abuse Bleeding diathesis Common Causes of bleeding in a well child ITP Henoch-Schonlein purpura Hemophilia A or B von Willebrand disease Vitamin […]
Approach to patient / For medical students
Acute Flaccid Paralysis
History duration of weakness (ie. hours to days to weeks/months) classify as rapidly progressive, acute, subacute or chronic mode of progression (eg. onset in arms, “ascending paralysis”) sensory […]
Approach to patient / For medical students
Approach to a baby who fails to thrive
Definition Physical growth is significantly less than that of his/her peers Usually refers to growth below the 3rd or 5th percentile or a change in growth that has […]