Glycolysis and all related pathways simplified
This image contains glycolysis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, HMP pathway, TCA cycle and energetics of glycolysis, cholesterol synthesis and ketone body synthesis,
High Yield Microbiology for exams
Simplified version of important Microbiology points that you need in Medical School. Facultative Intracellular Salmonella, Nesseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia. [Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY.] Obligate Intracellular Rickettsia, Chlamydia. Can’t make own ATP [Stay inside (cells) when it is Really Cold.] Bacterial Growth Lag Phase Initial Phase (only 1 lag phase) […]
Must know adverse effects in Pharmacology
List of all the important adverse effects of different common drugs that are usually asked in exams and also essential in our clinical practise. Agranulocytosis Clozapine, Chloramphenical Aplastic Anemia Chloramphenicol NSAIDs Benzene Atropine-like Side Effects Tricyclics Cardiotoxicity Doxorubicin Daunorubicin Cartilage Damage in Children Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin & Norfloxacin) Cinchonism Quinidine Cough ACE […]
High Yield General Pathology
All the high yield facts from general pathology that are usually asked in examsUSMLE STEP 1, Medical Council exams. Reversible Cell Injury • swelling of cell organelles and entire cell • dissociation of ribosomes from endoplasmic reticulum • decreased energy production by mitochondria • increased glycolysis → decreased pH → nuclear chromatin clumping Irreversible Cell […]
Important Muscles origin, insertion, innervation & action for exams
Origin, Insertion, Innervation and Action of commonly asked muscles of our body. Abductor magnus [Hamstring part] Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: adductor tubercle of femur Innervation: tibial part of sciataic nerve (L4) Action: extends thigh Abductor magnus[Adductor part] Origin: Adductor part: Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, linea alba, medial supracondylar […]
List of common tumors, pathogens, causes and disorders
List of the most common tumors, causes, most common pathogens, most common disorders, etc. Most Common Primary Tumor arising from the bone in adults Osteosarcoma Most Common Adrenal Medullary Tumor Pheochromocytoma: 5 P’s: ↑ Pressure; Pain (Headache); Perspiration; Palpitations; Pallor/Diaphoresis Most Common Adrenal Medullary Tumor Children Neuroblastoma Most Common Agent of severe viral encephalitis Herpes […]
Commonly done medical lab tests and their normal values
List of commonly done medical lab tests with their reference range as set by different reputed institutes. Ammonia 15-50 µmol/L Ceruloplasmin 15-60 mg/dL Chloride 95-105 mmol/L Copper 70-150 µg/dL Creatinine 0.8-1.3 mg/dL Blood urea nitrogen 8-21 mg/dL Ferritin 12-300 ng/mL (men), 12-150 ng/mL (women) Glucose 65-110 mg/dL Inorganic phosphorous 1-1.5 mmol/L Ionized calcium 1.03-1.23 mmol/L […]
High Yield Classification of Drugs
Drugs with their corresponding class according to their actions. Classification of drugs which are important for all. Antisera and Immunoglobulins Antisera (from Horse) Tetanus antitoxin (ATS) Gas gangrene antitoxin (AGS) Diphtheria antitoxin (ADS) Antirabies serum (ARS) Antisnake venom polyvalent Immuneglobulins (Human) Normal human gamma globulin Rho (D)immuneglobulin Tetanus immuneglobulin Rabies immuneglobulin Hepatitis-B immuneglobulin Ectoparasiticides 1. […]
High Yield Anatomy Mnemonics
Simple and fun anatomy mnemonics that will make anatomy easier to remember. Carpal Bones “She Looks Too Pretty; Try To Catch Her” -Scaphoid -Lunate -Triquetrium -Pisiform -Trapezium -Trapezoid -Capate -Hamate Tarsal Bones “Tiger Cubs Need MILC” -Talus -Calcaneus -Navicular -Medial cuneiform -Intermediate cuneiform -Lateral cuneiform -Cuboid Axillary Artery Branches “SomeTimes Life Seems A Pain” -Superior […]
GINA Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention 2021 simplified.
GINA was established by the WHO and NHLBI in 1993 for management of asthma COVID-19 & Asthma People with asthma do not appear to be at increased risk of acquiring COVID-19 Overall, people with well-controlled asthma are not at increased risk of COVID-19-related death However, the risk of COVID-19 death was increased in people who […]